Fair launch by verifiable randomness
During a launch's opening window, purchase intents are accepted as sealed commitments. Execution order is determined by randomness that no participant, no deployer, and no operator can predict or influence at commit time, and that any observer can verify after the fact.
Testable: Given the commitments and the published randomness, an independent party recomputes the fill order and gets the same answer. Given the state at commit time, no party can predict that order better than chance.
Not satisfied by: First-come-first-served, priority fees, block ordering, or any randomness derived from data known at commit time — slot hashes, blockhashes and timestamps are all influenceable by a block producer.
A raise takes what it asked for. Commitments beyond the goal are refunded in full — a commitment is always either filled or returned, and silently retaining an unfilled one is a violation of this invariant, not an edge case.